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Hantavirus

Orthohantavirus · Hantaviridae

Strains

  • Andes virus (ANDV)
  • Sin Nombre virus (SNV)
  • Puumala virus (PUUV)
  • Seoul virus (SEOV)
  • Hantaan virus (HTNV)

Transmission

  • Inhalation of aerosolized rodent excreta (urine, droppings, saliva)
  • Direct contact with rodents or contaminated surfaces
  • Bite from infected rodent (rare)
  • Andes virus only: limited human-to-human transmission via close prolonged contact
Incubation
1-8 weeks (typically 2-4 weeks)
Mortality rate
30-40% for Andes virus pulmonary syndrome (HPS); 1-15% for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)
Vaccine
No

Treatment

No specific antiviral. Supportive intensive care: oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation, ECMO in severe cases. Early hospitalization improves outcomes.

Vaccine status

No WHO-approved hantavirus vaccine as of May 2026. Inactivated vaccines used in South Korea and China for HFRS strains, not for ANDV/SNV.

Endemic regions

  • Argentina, Chile, Brazil (Andes virus — HPS)
  • United States (Sin Nombre virus — HPS, especially Four Corners region)
  • Northern Europe, Scandinavia, Baltic states (Puumala — HFRS)
  • China, Korea, Russia (Hantaan, Seoul — HFRS)
  • Western Europe (Puumala — limited)

Frequently asked questions

Compare to other viruses

Sources

Last update May 7, 2026 · ⚠ Not medical advice.