What is hantavirus?

Hantavirus is a family of RNA viruses (family Hantaviridae) transmitted primarily from rodents to humans. Depending on the species, it causes two distinct syndromes: Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS), marked by severe respiratory failure and 30–40% mortality in the Americas (Andes, Sin Nombre viruses), and Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS), affecting the kidneys in Eurasia (Hantaan, Puumala, Seoul viruses) with 1–15% mortality. There is no specific antiviral treatment or internationally approved vaccine. Infection occurs mainly through inhalation of aerosolized rodent excreta (urine, droppings, saliva). In 2026, the primary active cluster involves the Andes virus, linked to the MV Hondius cruise ship.